{"id":1577,"date":"2026-03-29T22:02:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-29T14:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/8.154.19.178\/?p=1577"},"modified":"2026-03-29T23:06:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-29T15:06:48","slug":"%e7%a0%b4%e8%a7%a3linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9froot%e5%af%86%e7%a0%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jaxnoir.com\/?p=1577","title":{"rendered":"\u7834\u89e3Linux\u7cfb\u7edfroot\u5bc6\u7801"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1\u3001reboot\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u8fdb\u5165GRUB2\u5f15\u5bfc\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u6309\u201de\u201d\u952e\u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"SCR-20241115-mose<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u5728linux\u8fd9\u884c\u6700\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u8f93\u5165rd.break<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"SCR-20241115-mprz<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4\u3001\u6309ctrl+x<\/code>\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

switch_root:\/#<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"SCR-20241115-mrqw<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6839\u5206\u533a\u4e34\u65f6\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\/sysroot\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4mount -o remount,rw \/sysroot\uff0c\u6539\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\u6839\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
switch_root:\/# mount -o remount,rw \/sysroot\n\nswitch_root:\/# chroot \/sysroot #\u8fdb\u5165\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\n\nsh-4.4# echo redhat | passwd --stdin root   #\u91cd\u7f6eroot\u5bc6\u7801\n\nsh-4.4# touch \/.autorelabel  #\u521b\u5efa\u6807\u8bb0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u4e86selinux\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\nsh-4.4# exit  #\u9000\u51fa\n\nsh-4.4# exit  #\u9000\u51fa<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
mount -o remount,rw \/sysroot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u7d27\u6025\u4fee\u590d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\/sysroot<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u521d\u59cb\u88ab\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u8bef\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5bf9 \/sysroot<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u4fee\u590d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u635f\u574f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u65b0\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n
      \n
    • remount<\/code> \u9009\u9879<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u5b83\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6302\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6302\u8f7d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 remount<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u6765\u5728\u4e0d\u5378\u8f7d\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • rw<\/code> \u9009\u9879<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • rw<\/code> \u4ee3\u8868 \u201cread – write\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8981\u5c06 \/sysroot<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u53ef\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\uff08ro<\/code>\uff0cread – only\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u65b0\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u8bfb\u5199\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
      chroot \/sysroot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      chroot \/sysroot<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u6539\u53d8\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08Change Root\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5207\u6362\u5230 \/sysroot<\/code> \u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5b83\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u540e\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u90fd\u5c06\u4ee5 \/sysroot<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u201c\/\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7cfb\u7edf\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9694\u79bb\u6216\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u8005\u521b\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 chroot<\/code> \u8fdb\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6784\u6210\u7684 \u201c\u865a\u62df\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u201d \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 Live CD \u6551\u63f4\u73af\u5883\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 chroot<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5207\u6362\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f \/sysroot<\/code>\uff0c\u5728\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u771f\u5b9e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u4e0b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5bf9\u635f\u574f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c \/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 chroot \/sysroot<\/code> \u5207\u6362\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u53bb\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        touch \/.autorelabel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \/.autorelabel<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f Red Hat \u7cfb\u5217\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e SELinux \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6267\u884c SELinux\uff08Security – Enhanced Linux\uff09\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08context\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6807\u8bb0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4ls -Z<\/code>\u67e5\u770b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        ls -Z<\/code> \u662f\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 SELinux\uff08Security – Enhanced Linux\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [root@xjc1 ~]# ls -Z\nsystem_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 initial-setup-ks.cfg\nunconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 test3.sh\nunconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 Videos\nunconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 words.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        1\u3001SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELinux \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff08MAC\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ea7\u522b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u5bf9\u5ba2\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8bbe\u5907\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 SELinux \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u6807\u8bb0\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684 SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        2\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fee\u590d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982 U \u76d8\uff09\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709 SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6216\u8005\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 SELinux \u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\/.autorelabel<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u65b0\u6807\u8bb0 SELinux \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u7b26\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u7cfb\u7edf\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u6574\u540e\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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